-
CRYPTO-ASSET COMMUNIQUÉS REVIEW – III
CRYPTO-ASSET COMMUNIQUÉS REVIEW – III 1) Prohibited Product Architecture in the Crypto-Asset Market The legal framework introduced in Türkiye for crypto asset service providers (CASPs; KVHS under Turkish terminology) goes beyond the regulation of establishment and operational requirements. It also draws the boundaries of the product architecture that may be accepted in the market and…
-
REVIEW OF CRYPTO ASSET COMMUNIQUÉS – II
REVIEW OF CRYPTO ASSET COMMUNIQUÉS – II In the previous article, the scope of activities that platforms may carry out was examined. In this section, the focus shifts to how these activities operate within the market. Articles 10 to 13 of the Communiqué do not merely define platforms; they set out how transaction flows are…
-
REVIEW OF CRYPTO ASSET COMMUNIQUÉS – I
REVIEW OF CRYPTO ASSET COMMUNIQUÉS – I Operational Framework for Crypto Asset Platforms The legal framework governing the crypto asset market in Türkiye has undergone a significant transformation with the regulatory changes introduced on 13 March 2025. Under this new framework, the activities of crypto asset service providers are no longer assessed in isolation but…
-
AI Regulation in the EU and Türkiye
AI Regulation in the EU and Türkiye Artificial intelligence is no longer a peripheral technological development. It is now embedded in core business and decision-making processes—particularly in areas such as credit assessment, fraud detection, and automated risk analysis. As AI systems begin to influence outcomes with direct legal and financial consequences, a key question emerges:…
-
REGULATION OF CRYPTO ASSETS IN TÜRKIYE
REGULATION OF CRYPTO ASSETS IN TÜRKİYE In Türkiye, the legal framework governing crypto assets is not derived from a single piece of legislation. Rather, it has developed as a layered structure composed of regulations issued by different authorities, which together form a coherent—albeit evolving—regulatory system. At the core of this framework lies the Capital Markets…
-
Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) Regulation – Overview
Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) The markets for crypto-assets have, in recent years, undergone not only rapid technological innovation but also a significant regulatory transformation. In this context, the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2023/1114), enacted by the European Union, has introduced a comprehensive and harmonised framework for the regulation of crypto-assets across the…
-
Chapter 11 vs. Turkish Concordat: A Guide for American Investors
When businesses face financial distress, legal frameworks provide mechanisms for restructuring and recovery. In the U.S., Chapter 11 bankruptcy is a well-known option, while in Turkey, the Concordat (Konkordato) process serves a similar function. Understanding the key differences between these systems is crucial for American investors with interests in Turkey.
